Accidental Vaccination.

Game theory of pre-emptive vaccination before bioterrorism or accidental release of smallpox.

Smallpox was eradicated in the 1970s, but new outbreaks could be seeded by bioterrorism or accidental release. Substantial vaccine-induced morbidity and mortality make pre-emptive mass vaccination controversial, and if vaccination is voluntary, then there is a conflict between self- and group interests. This conflict can be framed as a tragedy of the commons, in which herd immunity plays the ro...

Accidental Algorithms

We provide evidence for the proposition that the computational complexity of individual problems, and of whole complexity classes, hinge on the existence of certain solvable polynomial systems that are unlikely to be encountered other than by systematic explorations for them. We consider a minimalist version of Cook’s 3CNF problem, namely that of monotone planar 3CNF formulae where each variabl...

Accidental poisoning.

Accidental Hypothermia

The “reanimations” of profoundly cold victims in prolonged cardiac arrest and the emergence of therapeutic hypothermia after cardiac arrest help explain the contemporary allure of hypothermia. A 29-year-old Norwegian physician was successfully resuscitated from accidental hypothermia at 13.7° C after a 9-hour resuscitation. This included cardiopulmonary resuscitation initiated at the scene and ...

Accidental hypothermia.

Accidental hypothermia is an acute medical emergency with a high mortality rate. Physiologic derangements include hypoxemia, hypotension, acidosis, and arrhythmias. Management consists of careful monitoring rewarming, vigorous supportive care, and treatment of underlying and complicating disorders. Active core rewarming is recommended for hypothermia with associated cardiovascular insufficiency...